Basic Vocabulary:  Q-V

Q

qua where, by which way

quaero, quaerere (3),quaesivi, quaesitum seek, look for, ask

qualis, quale of what sort, such as boletum qualem Claudius edit, edas. Martial.

quam     how, as, than

Non possum dicere aliud tunc mihi quam deos adfuisse. Pliny.

quando when

quantus, -a, -um  how large, how great   

• tanto Stella meus tuo Catullo
• quanto passere maior est columba. Martial

quartus, -a, -um fourth

-que    and SPQR (Senatus Populusque Romanus)

queror, queri (3),questus/a sum     complain > querulous

qui, quae, quod who, which, that Hic est quem legis ille... Martial.

quia because

quidam, quaedam,quid-/quoddam a certain one, someone

quidem indeed (ne...quidem not even)

quies, quietis (f) quiet, rest

quin     but that, why not?     Quin tu (tempus est enim) humiles et sordidas curas aliis mandas? Pliny.

quintus, -a, -um fifth

quis? quid? who, what Quid fit?

quis, quid     someone, anyone/thing (after si, nisi, num, and ne)    et si quas addidero, non supprimam... Pliny.

quisquam, quicquam     anyone, anything   

Vidistine quemquam M. Regulo timidiorem humiliorem post Domitiani mortem? Pliny

quisque, quaeque, quid-/ quodque each     ut [as] quaeque in manus venerat... Pliny.

quo to what place

quod     because, in that

quondam     formerly

quoniam since

quoque too

quot   how many, as many "quot dies quam frigidis rebus absumpsi." Pliny.

quotiens how often

R

rapio, rapere (3), rapui, raptum (-ripi-, -rept-) snatch, carry away

rarus, -a, -um rare

recens, recentis fresh, recent

rego, regere (3), rexi, rectum rule, guide, direct (cf. rex, reg-)

relinquo, relinquere (3), reliqui, relictum leave, abandon

remus, -i (m) oar > trireme, bireme

reor, reri (2), ratus/a sum think, suppose (cf. ratio)

repente suddenly

repo, repere (3), repsi, reptum creep

res, rei (f) thing, matter, affair

respondeo, -ere (2), respondi, responsum answer

reus, -i (m) defendant mens rei

rideo, ridere (2), risi, risum laugh

ripa, -ae (f) bank

robur, roboris (n) oak, strength     illi robur et aes triplex... Horace.

rodo, rodere, (3), rosi, rosum gnaw (cf. rostrum, beak)

rogo (1) ask, ask for

rota, -ae (f) wheel

rumor, rumoris (m) gossip, rumor

rumpo, rumpere (3), rupi, ruptum burst, break

ruo, ruere (3), rui, rutum rush, fall, be ruined (cf. ruina)

rursus again, back, in turn

rus, ruris (n) the country

S

sacer, sacra, sacrum sacred, holy

saepe often saepe domi non es... Martial

sagitta, -ae (f) arrow

sal, salis (m) salt, wit et vino et sale et omnibus cachinnis... Catullus

salus, salutis (f) health, safety

sanctus, -a, -um sacred, holy

sanguis, sanguinis (m) blood

sanus, -a, -um sound, healthy

sapiens, sapientis wise (as noun, philosopher)

satis enough Fortuna multis dat nimis, satis nulli. Martial.

saxum, -i (n) rock saxo cere- comminuit -brum... Ennius.

scelus, sceleris (n) crime

-scendo, scendere (3), -scendi, -scensum climb

schola, -ae (f) school

scio, scire (4), scivi, scitum know

scribo, scribere (3), scripsi, scriptum write

scutum, -i (n) shield    scuta virum galeasque et fortia corpora volvit... Vergil.

secundus, -a, -um second, favorable

sed but

sedeo, sedere (2), sedi, sessum sit

semen, seminis (n) seed

semper always Expalluit notabiliter, quamvis palleat semper... Pliny.

senex, senis (m) old man

sentio, sentire (4), sensi, sensum feel, perceive, think

septem seven

sequor, sequi (3), secutus/a sum follow

sepelio, sepelire (4), sepelivi, sepultum bury

serius, -a, -um     serious, grave

sermo, sermonis (m) conversation

sero, serere (3), sevi, satum sow, plant multae etiam istorum arborum mea manu sunt satae. Cicero.

servus, -i (m) slave

sex six

si if

sic so,thus (sicut just as, as if) Sic transit gloria mundi.

sica, -ae (f) dagger

sidus, sideris (n) constellation, star

signum, -i (n) sign, signal, seal In hoc signo vinces.

silentium, -ii (n) silence [sileo be silent] Silent leges inter arma. Cicero.

silva, -ae (f) forest

similis, -e like (simul at the same time)

simplex, simplicis simple Simplex munditiis... Horace.

sine without sine die.

singuli, -ae, -a one each, one at a time

sinister, sinistra, -trum left hand

sino sinere (3), sivi situm allow, permit

sitis, sitis (f) thirst

sive (seu)...sive (seu) whether...or

socius, -ii (m) comrade, ally, companion

sol, solis (m) the sun

soleo, solere (3), solitus/a sum be accustomed

sollicitus, -a, -um troubled, anxious

solus, -a, -um alone, only

solvo, solvere (3), solvi, solutum loosen

somnus, -i (m) sleep

sordes, sordium (f pl) filth

soror, sororis (f) sister

sors, sortis (f) lot, chance, fate

spargo, spargere (3), sparsi, sparsum scatter

spatium, ii (n) distance, space

specto (1) look at, see (< spicio)

sperno, spernere (3), sprevi, spretum      scorn

spes, spei (f) hope

-spicio, -spicere (3) -spexi, spectum     see, look at

spiro (1) breathe, blow

spolium, -ii (n) spoils, loot, booty

sponte of one's own accord

statim immediately

stella, -ae (f) star

sto, stare (1), steti, statum     stand

studium, -ii (n) eagerness, zeal studio etiam videndae novae urbis... Livy

stultus, -a, -um foolish

suadeo, suadere (2), suasi, suasum persuade, advise, urge

sub (+ acc./abl.) under

subito suddenly

suesco, suescere (3), suevi, suetum be accustomed

sum, esse, fui, futurus be

summa, -ae (f)     sum; main part

sumo, sumere (3), sumpsi, sumptum      take, take up, assume

super (+ acc./abl.) above, on top; (adv.) besides

supplicium, -ii (n) prayer; punishment

surgo, surgere (3), surrexi, surrectum      get up, arise

suus, -a, -um one's own

T

tabula, -ae (f) board, plank, writing tablet

taceo, tacere (2), tacui, tacitum be silent

talis, -e such

tam so

tamen nevertheless

tandem   at last, finally, pray tell me Quousque tandem abutere, Catilina, patientia nostra... Cicero

tango, tangere (3), tetigi, tactum     touch

tantus, -a, -um so large, so great

tardus, -a, -um slow

tego, tegere (3), texi, tectum cover, hide, protect (cf. toga)

telum, -i (n) weapon

temere by chance, at random

templum, -i (n) sacred area

tempto (1) test, make an attempt on

tempus, temporis (n)     time

tendo, tendere (3), tetendi, tensum/tentum stretch, extend, aim, head for

tenebrae, -arum (f pl) darkness   

"Deflectamus" inquam, "dum videmus ne in via strati comitantium turba in tenebris obteramur." Pliny

teneo, tenere (2), tenui, tentum     hold, keep

tergum, -i (n) back

terminus, -i (m)     limit

tero, terere (3), trivi, tritum rub, wear out

terra, -ae (f) earth, ground

terreo, terrere (2), terrui, territum frighten

tertius, -a, -um     third

testis, testis (m)     witness

timeo, timere (2), timui fear

tolero (1)     bear, endure

tollo, tollere (3), sustuli, sublatum lift up, raise, destroy

tondeo, tondere (2), totondi, tonsum     shear, clip

torqueo, torquere (2), torsi, tortum twist

tot so many    Quot homines tot sententiae. Terence.

totus, -a, -um whole, entire

trabs, trabis (f) beam

traho, trahere (3), traxi, tractum     draw, drag

trans (+ acc.) across

tremo, tremere (3), tremui     tremble

tribuo, tribuere (3), tribui, tributum assign

tristis, -e sad Scis iter ex animo sublatum triste puellae? Sulpicia.

tu you

tum then, next

tumeo, tumere (2) swell

turba, -ae (f) disturbance, uproar

turpis, -e base, ugly, shameful naturalia non sunt turpia.

turris, turris (f) tower

tutus, -a, -um safe

U

ubi where, when Ubi spectaculi tempus venit... Livy.

ulciscor, ulcisci (3), ultus/a sum avenge

ullus, -a, -um any

ultra (+ acc.; adv.) beyond

umbra, -ae (f) shade

umerus, -i (m) shoulder

unde from what place, whence

unus, -a, -um one (un together with)

urbs, urbis (f) city Dulcius urbe quid est? Sulpicia.

usque up to, all the way

utor, uti (3), usus/a sum use, enjoy

utinam if only, would that

utrum whether

uxor, uxoris (f) wife       incidit de uxoribus mentio. Livy.

V

vaco (1) be free from

vadum, -i (n) shallows

vagor (1) wander

valeo, valere (2), valui, valitum be strong, be well

valles, vallis (f) valley

vallum, -i (n) wall

varius, -a, -um varied, different Varium et mutabile semper femina. Vergil

vasto (1) lay waste

veho, vehere (3), vexi, vectum carry, convey

vel; vel...vel or, even; either...or

velox, velocis swift

vendo, vendere (3), vendidi, venditum sell

venia, -ae (f) pardon

venio, venire (4), veni, ventum come

ventus, -i (m) wind

verbum, -i (n) word

vereor, vereri (2), veritus/a sum     fear, respect

verto, vertere (3), verti, versum turn

verum but

verus, -a, -um true

vesper, vesperis/-i (m) evening (star)

vester, vestra, vestrum your (pl)

vestigium, -ii (n) footprint, trace

vestis, vestis (f) clothing

veto, vetare, vetui, vetitum     forbid

vetus, veteris old

vexo (1) harry, annoy, ravage

via, -ae (f) way, road, street

vicus, -i (m) quarter of a town, village

video, videre (2), vidi, visum see

vigil, vigilis     wakeful

viginti twenty

vilis, -e cheap, worthless, poor

villa, -ae (f) farmhouse an villa sit apta puellae...? Sulpicia

vinco, vincere (2), vici, victum conquer, overcome

vinum, -i (n) wine

vir, viri (m) man

vis, vim, vi; vires force, power

vita, -ae (f) life (< vivo)

vitium, -ii (n) fault, vice, crime

vito (1) avoid

vivo, vivere (3), vixi, victum live

vix     barely, with difficulty         Vix e conspectu Siculae telluris... Vergil.

volo, velle, volui wish, will

volo (1) fly

voveo, vovere (2), vovi, votum vow

vox, vocis (f) voice

vulgus, -i (n) common people, rabble Odi profanum vulgus et arceo. Horace

vulnus, vulneris (n) wound

vultus, vultus (m) face, expression