Exercise 15
Sequence of Tenses
Study chapter 30 of Wheelock.
1. Make a chart by translating these sentences:
PRIMARY SEQUENCE:
1. I see what you are doing.
2. I shall see what you are doing.
3. I shall have seen what you are doing.
4. I see what you did/have done.
5. I shall see what you did/have done.
6. I shall have seen what you have done.
7. I see what you intend to do. [use the future active periphrastic = future active participle + forms of the verb to be]
SECONDARY SEQUENCE:
1. I saw what you were doing.
2. I used to see what you were doing.
3. I had seen what you were doing.
4. I was seeing what you had done.
5. I saw what you had done.
6. I had seen what you had done.
7. I saw what you were going to do.
Note: The present and imperfect subjunctive show incomplete action, the perfect and pluperfect subjunctive show completed action, as do the corresponding tenses of the indicative.
Translate:
1. The leader encourages his [men] to be of brave spirit.
2. The unhappy queen knows what that man is planning with his tricky mind.
3. If he had not left she would not be dying.
4. If my city were still standing, I would not have come to this land.
5. I say that I have not come to bring war to your people.
6. He told many falsehoods in order to avoid death.
7. Our ancestors endured many hardships, with the result that we are strong and free.
8. He says that he did these things in order not to displease you nor hurt his friends. Note: when one purpose clause is followed by a negative one, neve (or neu) is used to connect the two clauses (instead of neque).